I have to admit I'm starting to feel frustrated with this course. I feel like I'm being bombarded with a ton of information and a lot of it isn't super relevant to what I'm trying to study at the moment. I don't get why you go on so many tangents about gender differences when I'm just trying to digest averages in this video. I don't need to know all that right now, I need to focus on these basics first. It makes it really hard to figure out what I should actually be taking note of and zeroing in on.

The quick answer is: it depends on the light. cool light, warm shadows, warm light, cool shadows. This is an over simplification of what happens, but it will get you close. Now, in this image the light is warm, so the shadow is "relatively" cool. It takes on a little bit of a green tint, and is less red/orange. This is a big subject, but I hope this helps a little :)

Hey, I love the colors and textures, aI would advice to study some anatomy, the hands and feet could be better. Also cant find a clear light source, maybe intended.

Hey doaflamingo, I didn't know who Craig Mullins was, so I looked him up. Man, I can see why you like him, his stuff is really cool! I think though you are attracted to his loose and energetic brush style, but are missing the fact that his drawing is really good and accurate. We want to make sure our drawing is really solid before we get caught up in technique or we can get in trouble. There is a truth about representational art: "painting is drawing". You cant be a good painter until you are a good draughtsman. So, I did a sketch of your main character and showed how you can help yourself by using wrinkles and drapery to sell your anatomy and perspective. It also lends a feeling of reality to our images when we add seams and folds in a convincing way. I hope this helps, and that you keep studying this artist :)

Craig Mullins has a course on Schoolism that is amazing. I started taking it then realized that in order to really understand all that he is talking about I need to work harder on my fundamentals until they are effortless. I suggest taking his course, maybe you will have the same epiphany i have.