One of the big difficulties I've always had with anatomical terms is that, for reasons of tradition, they're all Greek and Latin. And I have the kind of mind that needs to know why something is called what it is. What was the namer trying to communicate? Names given to things by humans always have some kind of intent behind them. And when we lose track of that intent, we allow ourselves to be mystified by cliques, in-groups, and old boys' clubs. Frontalis = Latin: "Forehead (muscle)." The English word "front" comes from the French word "front," which only means "forehead". You can see how, in English, it got extended to mean the front of anything in general, including the head. Clavicle = from the Latin "clavicula": "Little key", apparently because when you raise your arms, it turns like a key in a lock. Which is exactly what Patrick is showing us here. Italian speakers will note that the word "chiave" (key) is an obvious descendent. And in English, we use the descendent French word "clef" (key) to describe the symbols in musical notation that tell us how to interpret the lines of the staff. (Treble clef, bass clef.) Scapula = Latin: "Trowel" or "blade". Basically what the Roman anatomists thought the shoulder blade bone looked like. Sternum = A Latin loan word from the Greek word "sternon," which originally seems to have just meant "chest". Pectoralis Major, Minor, Pectoral, et cetera = Latin: "Breast." Compare with the modern Italian for "chest": "petto" Latissimus dorsi = Latin: "The broadest (muscle) of the back." - "latus": Means "broad", but this word doesn't even make its way into the modern romance languages, let alone English. - "issimus": A suffix meaning "the most." In modern Italian, you still say "bellissimo" to mean "the most beautiful." - "dorsi": "Of the back." It's the same root that gives us the word "dorsal", as in a dolphin's dorsal fin. Intercostal = Latin: "Between the ribs". If you've ever ordered a ribsteak in a French restaurant, it might have been called an "entrecôte." The "costo / côte" part is the "rib," and the "inter / entre" part means "between." Triceps = Latin: "Three heads". We're familiar enough with "tri" as a prefix meaning "three". The "ceps" part is very old Latin, but we suppose it to come from the same Indo-European root that gives us the Greek word for head, "kefali." Fantasy fans will know the Greek-descended word tricephalous (meaning three-headed) used to describe the dog Kerberos, who guards Hades' realm. And more political types will hear "acephalous" (headless) used to describe a committee that has lost its chairperson. Greater Trochanter = Greek: "trokhos" refers to a wheel, and I suppose the ancient anatomists thought the top of the leg-bone, where it attaches to the pelvis, looked like a wheel. It is "greater" in relation to a "lesser trochanter", which doesn't trouble us much in figure drawing, since it's on the inside and underside of the hip-joint and is therefore submerged in muscle. Sacrum = Latin: "Holy (bone)". I've no idea why this bone was deemed holy. Perhaps due to its important role in the nervous system? Or perhaps because its triangular form reminded religiously minded physicians of the trinity? Ilium, iliac, sacroiliac, iliac crest = Latin: "Groin" or "flank". See below. Gluteus, Gluteal, et cetera = Greek via Latin: In Greek, "gloutos" means "buttock" or "bum cheek." Never underestimate a teacher's need, throughout history, to use a foreign-sounding word when discussing the "naughty bits." Especially when teaching a class of giggling adolescents.